English Grammar: 16 Tenses, Rumus dan Contoh Kalimat – Part 1
– Menguasai tenses dalam bahasa Inggris sangat penting. Tenses digunakan hampir disemua English skills seperti listening, speaking, reading, dan writing. Mungkin banyak dari kalian yang mengalami kesulitan memahami tenses. Dalam English Grammar ada 16 Tenses yang harus anda pahami. Waduh banyak sekali ya? Untuk mempelajari 1 tenses aja susah…gimana dong? Tenang aja untuk mempelajari tenses tidaklah sulit. Anda tidak perlu menghafalnya cukup dengan memahaminya dengan benar. Anda akan hafal 16 macam tenses diluar kepala anda.
Tenses adalah metode berbasis kata kerja yang digunakan untuk menunjukkan waktu , dan kadang-kadang kelanjutan atau kelengkapan , dari suatu tindakan atau keadaan berkaitan dengan waktu berbicara. Jadi konsep tenses merupakan sebuah metode yang biasa digunakan untuk merujuk pada waktu – masa lalu (past), sekarang (present), dan masa depan (future)
Berikut ini 16 Tenses dalam English Grammar :
⦁ SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE
⦁ PRESENT CONTINUOUS TENSE
⦁ PRESENT PERFECT TENSE
⦁ PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS TENSE
⦁ SIMPLE PAST TENSE
⦁ PAST CONTINUOUS TENSE
⦁ PAST PERFECT TENSE
⦁ PAST PERFECT CONTINUOUS TENSE
⦁ SIMPLE FUTURE TENSE
⦁ FUTURE CONTINUOUS TENSE
⦁ FUTURE PERFECT TENSE
⦁ FUTURE PERFECT CONTINUOUS TENSE
⦁ PAST FUTURE TENSE
⦁ PAST FUTURE CONTINUOUS TENSE
⦁ PAST FUTURE PERFECT TENSE
⦁ PAST FUTURE PERFECT CONTINUOUS TENSE
Berikut ini penjelasan singkat 16 Tenses, Rumus dan Contoh Kalimat :
PRESENT TENSE
⦁ SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE
Tenses ini digunakan untuk menunjukkan sesuatu yang tetap, kebiasaan atau kebenaran esensial yang terjadi dimasa sekarang (PRESENT).
RUMUS
(+) Subject (S) (I, You, They, We ) + Verb 1
Subject (S) (He, She, It) + Verb 1 (s/es)
(-) Subject (S) (I, You, They, We ) + do + not + Verb 1
Subject (S) (He, She, It) + Does + not + Verb 1
(?) Do + Subject (S) (I, You, They, We ) + Verb 1?
Does + Subject (S) (He, She, It) + Verb 1?
Contoh:
(+) He studies English everynight.
(-) He does not study English everynight.
(?) Does he study English everynight?
⦁ PRESENT CONTINUOUS TENSE
Tenses ini digunakan untuk menyatakan suatu tindakan yang benar-benar sedang dilakukan saat ini atau sedang berlangsung.
RUMUS
(+) Subject (S) (I, You, They, We ) + to be (am/are) + Verb 1-ing
Subject (S) (He, She, It) + to be (is) + Verb 1-ing
(-) Subject (S) (I, You, They, We ) + to be (am/are) + not + Verb 1-ing
Subject (S) (He, She, It) + to be (is) + not + Verb 1-ing
(?) To be (am/are) + Subject (S) (I, You, They, We ) + Verb 1-ing ?
To be (is) + Subject (S) (He, She, It) + Verb 1-ing ?
Contoh:
(+) She is eating a cake
(-) She is not eating a cake
(?) Is she eating a cake?
⦁ PRESENT PERFECT TENSE
Tenses ini digunakan untuk menceritakan suatu pengalaman baik itu yang sudah pernah terjadi atau belum pernah terjadi.
RUMUS
(+) Subject (S) (I, You, They, We ) + have + Verb 3
Subject (S) (He, She, It) + has + Verb 3
(-) Subject (S) (I, You, They, We ) + have + not + Verb 3
Subject (S) (He, She, It) + has + not + Verb 3
(?) Have + Subject (S) (I, You, They, We ) + Verb 3?
Has + Subject (S) (He, She, It) + Verb 3?
Contoh:
(+) I have finished my homework
(-) I have not finished my homework
(?) Have I finished my homework?
⦁ PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS TENSE
Present Perfect Continuous Tense digunakan untuk menunjukkan bahwa sesuatu yang dimulai di masa lalu dan terus dilakukan sampai sekarang .
RUMUS
(+) Subject (S) (I, You, They, We ) + have + been + Verb-ing
Subject (S) (He, She, It) + has + been + Verb-ing
(-) Subject (S) (I, You, They, We ) + have + not + been + Verb-ing
Subject (S) (He, She, It) + has + not + been + Verb-ing
(?) Have + Subject (S) (I, You, They, We ) + been + Verb-ing?
Has + Subject (S) (He, She, It) + been + Verb-ing?
Contoh:
(+) Sean have been sleeping for 3 hours
(-) Sean have not been sleeping for 3 hours
(?) Have Sean been sleeping for 3 hours?
PAST TENSE
⦁ SIMPLE PAST TENSE
Simple Past digunakan untuk menyatan fakta atau kejadian yang terjadi di masa lampau. Masa lampau bisa berarti 5 menit yang lalu, sejam yang lalu, sehari yang lalu, dst. Kata kerja yang digunakan adalah kata kerja bentuk kedua, bisa berupa regular verbs atau irregular verbs.
RUMUS
(+) Subject (S) (I, You, They, We, He, She, It ) + Verb 2
(-) Subject (S) (I, You, They, We, He, She, It ) + did + not + Verb 1
(?) Did + Subject (S) (I, You, They, We, He, She, It ) + Verb 1?
Contoh:
(+) They played basketball lastnight.
(-) They did not play basketball lastnight.
(?) Did they play basketball lastnight?
Penjelasan lebih lengkap tentang Simple Past Tense klik disini.
⦁ PAST CONTINUOUS TENSE
Past Continuous Tense digunakan untuk menyatakan ketika kita berada di tengah-tengah kejadian atau melakukan sesuatu pada saat tertentu di masa lalu.
RUMUS
(+) Subject (S) (You, They, We ) + to be (were) + Verb 1-ing
Subject (S) (I, He, She, It) + to be (was) + Verb 1-ing
(-) Subject (S) (You, They, We ) + to be (were) + not + Verb 1-ing
Subject (S) (I, He, She, It) + to be (was) + not + Verb 1-ing
(?) To be (were) + Subject (S) (You, They, We ) + Verb 1-ing ?
To be (was) + Subject (S) (I,He, She, It) + Verb 1-ing ?
Contoh:
(+) Chef Billy was cooking a fried rice.
(-) Chef Billy was not cooking a fried rice.
(?) Was Chef Billy cooking a f ried rice?
Penjelasan lebih lengkap tentang Past Continuous Tense klik disini.
⦁ PAST PERFECT TENSE
The Past Perfect menyatakan ide bahwa sesuatu yang terjadi sebelum tindakan lain di masa lalu terjadi . Hal ini juga dapat menunjukkan bahwa sesuatu terjadi sebelum waktu tertentu di masa lalu.
RUMUS
(+) Subject (S) (I, You, They, We, He, She, It)+ had + Verb 3
(-) Subject (S) (I, You, They, We, He, She, It) + had + not + Verb 3
(?) Had + Subject (S) (I, You, They, We, He, She, It) + Verb 3?
Contoh:
(+) We had arrived at the school.
(-) We had not arrived at the school
(?) Had we arrived at the school?
⦁ PAST PERFECT CONTINUOUS TENSE
Present Perfect Continuous Tense digunakan untuk menunjukkan bahwa sesuatu yang dimulai di masa lalu dan terus sampai waktu lain di masa lalu.
RUMUS
(+) Subject (S) (I, You, They, We, He, She, It) + had + been + Verb-ing
(-) Subject (S) (I, You, They, We, He, She, It) + had + not + been + Verb-ing
(?) Had + Subject (S) (I, You, They, We, He, She, It) + been + Verb-ing?
Contoh:
(+) Lea and Bob had been working together since 1990.
(-) Lea and Bob had not been working together since 1990.
(?) Had Lea and Bob been working together since 1990?
Demikianlah informasi tentang English Grammar: 16 Tenses, Rumus dan Contoh Kalimat – Part 1 dari KBI (KuliahBahasaInggris.com). Mudah-mudahan dapat memberikan manfaat buat sobat semua khususnya yang sedang belajar bahasa Inggris.
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